2 Samuel 19:9

Authorized King James Version

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And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and now he is fled out of the land for Absalom.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְהִ֤י H1961
וַיְהִ֤י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 22
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כָל H3605
כָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 2 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הָעָם֙ And all the people H5971
הָעָם֙ And all the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 3 of 22
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
נָד֔וֹן were at strife H1777
נָד֔וֹן were at strife
Strong's: H1777
Word #: 4 of 22
to rule; by implication to judge (as umpire); also to strive (as at law)
בְּכָל H3605
בְּכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 5 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
שִׁבְטֵ֥י throughout all the tribes H7626
שִׁבְטֵ֥י throughout all the tribes
Strong's: H7626
Word #: 6 of 22
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 7 of 22
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
לֵאמֹ֑ר saying H559
לֵאמֹ֑ר saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 8 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ The king H4428
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ The king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 9 of 22
a king
הִצִּילָ֣נוּ׀ saved H5337
הִצִּילָ֣נוּ׀ saved
Strong's: H5337
Word #: 10 of 22
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
מִכַּ֣ף us out of the hand H3709
מִכַּ֣ף us out of the hand
Strong's: H3709
Word #: 11 of 22
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
אֹֽיְבֵ֗ינוּ of our enemies H341
אֹֽיְבֵ֗ינוּ of our enemies
Strong's: H341
Word #: 12 of 22
hating; an adversary
וְה֤וּא H1931
וְה֤וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 13 of 22
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
מִלְּטָ֙נוּ֙ and he delivered H4422
מִלְּטָ֙נוּ֙ and he delivered
Strong's: H4422
Word #: 14 of 22
properly, to be smooth, i.e., (by implication) to escape (as if by slipperiness); causatively, to release or rescue; specifically, to bring forth youn
מִכַּ֣ף us out of the hand H3709
מִכַּ֣ף us out of the hand
Strong's: H3709
Word #: 15 of 22
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים of the Philistines H6430
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים of the Philistines
Strong's: H6430
Word #: 16 of 22
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
וְעַתָּ֛ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֛ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 17 of 22
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
בָּרַ֥ח and now he is fled H1272
בָּרַ֥ח and now he is fled
Strong's: H1272
Word #: 18 of 22
to bolt, i.e., figuratively, to flee suddenly
מִן H4480
מִן
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 19 of 22
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
הָאָ֖רֶץ out of the land H776
הָאָ֖רֶץ out of the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 20 of 22
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
מֵעַ֥ל H5921
מֵעַ֥ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 21 of 22
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ for Absalom H53
אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ for Absalom
Strong's: H53
Word #: 22 of 22
abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite

Analysis & Commentary

And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and now he is fled out of the land for Absalom.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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